中国反卫星导弹试验成功
中国成功试验反卫星导弹？
刚刚看到美国《航空周刊》的报道，称根据中央情报局消息，中国在本月11日美国东部时间下午5点28分左右，从西昌发射了一枚反卫星导弹，成功地击毁了已经退役的“风云1C”气象卫星。据称这次试验使用了动量杀伤弹头。吃惊之余，赶紧到美国空军Space-Track网上查了风云一号的轨道数据（由北美防空司令部雷达系统提供）。结果显示，风云1C的轨道在格林威治时间11日21:44至12日13:03之间，从845x864公里突然升高到 869x876公里。对一颗燃料基本耗尽的退役卫星来说，这么明显的轨道提升确实是不正常的。12日之后，该网站没有发布过任何新数据。据《航空周刊》透露，中央情报局对这次导弹发射事先有知。Space-Track在11日发布的风云1C轨道数据达5次之多，大大超过平时的1-2次，说明当日雷达系统有意识加大了对风云1C的跟踪。从以上情况判断，这个报道有一定的真实可能。当然，也不排除风云1C由于某种我们未知的原因发生了轨道变化，而中央情报局或者记者，出于对中国的偏见，臆断和制造了这个事件。
如果这个事件是真实的，那么说明中国的反卫星技术已经领先世界。这是一个令人兴奋的、里程碑式的事件。风云1C是1999年5月10日发射的，轨道高度近900公里。从地面发射的导弹，能够在这个高度上准确地直接击中一颗高速飞行、大小2米左右见方的卫星，技术难度非常大。历史上只有美国进行过类似试验。1985年美国从F-15上发射的一颗导弹击毁了一颗500公里高度的卫星。这是已知仅有的一次反卫星导弹击毁卫星的试验。前苏联虽然进行过天基反卫星试验，但还没有进行过地基反卫星导弹试验。中国的这次试验从卫星高度上看，已经超过了美国。
不管是真是假，有一点是肯定的，就是中国正在强大起来。中国不仅将会是一个政治和经济强国，而且也会是一个军事强国。这是合理和正当的。但愿这次事件不会被那些中国威胁论者们所利用。
DS上的数据
风云1号C残骸……
碰撞时间和文中一致，也就是北京时间大约2007年1月12日上午6时2x分。 FENGYUN 1C DEB
1 29716U 99025E 07018.14056077 .01482684 33183-5 10176-2 0 24
2 29716 099.4445 009.0586 0434042 295.3239 060.3546 15.33910255 738
FENGYUN 1C DEB 1 29717U 99025F 07018.20357443 .00662046 92160-4 33597-2 0 25
2 29717 100.3941 009.0448 0415960 308.0061 048.4185 15.13672781 735
FENGYUN 1C DEB
1 29718U 99025G 07018.15171844 .00319691 22342-4 19527-2 0 26 .
2 29718 099.2624 008.8284 0428139 297.7743 058.2025 15.08106084 507
FENGYUN 1C DEB
1 29719U 99025H 07018.25585704 .00210418 10636-4 20082-2 0 20 .
2 29719 099.0227 008.8256 0436034 329.4655 028.1829 14.98719064 797
1 29720U 99025J 07018.19759740 .00405073 00000-0 74196-2 0 26
2 29720 098.9596 008.7229 0374016 312.8608 044.1739 14.97604260 653
CNN的报道
U.S. official: Chinese test missile obliterates satellite
POSTED: 11:06 p.m. EST, January 18, 2007
WASHINGTON (CNN) -- China last week successfully used a missile to destroy an orbiting satellite, U.S. government officials told CNN on Thursday, in a test that could undermine relations with the West and pose a threat to satellites important to the U.S. military.
According to a spokesman for the National Security Council, the ground-based, medium-range ballistic missile knocked an old Chinese weather satellite from its orbit about 537 miles above Earth. The missile carried a "kill vehicle" and destroyed the satellite by ramming it.
The test took place on January 11.
Aviation Week and Space Technology first reported the test: "Details emerging from space sources indicate that the Chinese Feng Yun 1C (FY-1C) polar orbit weather satellite launched in 1999 was attacked by an asat (anti-satellite) system launched from or near the Xichang Space Center."
A U.S. official, who would not agree to be identified, said the event was the first successful test of the missile after three failures.
The official said that U.S. "space tracking sensors" confirmed that the satellite is no longer in orbit and that the collision produced "hundreds of pieces of debris," that also are being tracked.
The United States logged a formal diplomatic protest.
"We are aware of it and we are concerned, and we made it known," said White House spokesman Tony Snow.
Several U.S. allies, including Canada and Australia, have also registered protests, and the Japanese government said it was worrisome.
"Naturally, we are concerned about it from the viewpoint of security as well as peaceful use of space," said Yashuhisa Shiozaki, chief cabinet secretary. He said Japan has asked the Chinese government for an explanation.
The United States has been able to bring down satellites with missiles since the mid-1980s, according to a history of ASAT programs posted on the Union of Concerned Scientists Web site. In its own test, the U.S. military knocked a satellite out of orbit in 1985.
Under a space policy authorized by President Bush in August, the United States asserts a right to "freedom of action in space" and says it will "deter others from either impeding those rights or developing capabilities intended to do so."
The policy includes the right to "deny, if necessary, adversaries the use of space capabilities hostile to U.S. national interests."
Low Earth-orbit satellites have become indispensable for U.S. military communications, GPS navigation for smart bombs and troops, and for real-time surveillance. The Chinese test highlights the satellites' vulnerability.
"If we, for instance, got into a conflict over Taiwan, one of the first things they'd probably do would be to shoot down all of our lower Earth-orbit spy satellites, putting out our eyes," said John Pike of globalsecurity.org, a Web site that compiles information on worldwide security issues.
"The thing that is surprising and disturbing is that [the Chinese] have chosen this moment to demonstrate a military capability that can only be aimed at the United States," he said.
原文：http://www.cnn.com/2007/TECH/space/01/18/china.missile/index.html
以下转BBC中文：
2007年01月18日 格林尼治标准时间18:38北京时间 02:38发表
美国谴责中国摧毁卫星太空试验
据指中国上周进行了太空试验，因此受到国际指责。
美国周四指责中国向太空发射了一枚弹道导弹，摧毁了一颗老化的气象卫星。
美国表示中国上周成功地试验了一种攻击卫星武器，并对此表示关注。
航空周刊杂志最先报道说，美国情报机构得出结论说，中国在1月11日成功地试验了一枚攻击卫星武器。
杂志还说该武器是一个由弹道导弹带入太空的"动能攻击载体" ，一个老化的中国气象卫星被此武器击毁。
据报这次试验在距离地面800公里的高空进行。
美国表示，中国的太空试验违背了美中两国希望在太空民用领域进行合作的精神。
在华盛顿美国国家安全事务委员会的一个发言人说，澳大利亚和加拿大已经对中国此举表示关注，其它国家也可能发出同样批评。
一名不愿透露姓名的白宫高级官员说，英国，日本和韩国不久也会对中国表达他们的关注。
目前北京没有对此作出反应。
联合早报网
日方将要求中国说明卫星摧毁试验目的
（2007-01-19 12.25 pm）
(综合讯）共同网消息，日本官房长官盐崎恭久在19日的记者会上透露，针对日前中国进行的卫星摧毁试验，日方将通过日本驻北京大使馆，要求中国外交部对事实情况及目的进行说明。
另外，美国和澳洲都已表态，指对中国的试验感到关注。
凤凰卫视综合报道
http://news.phoenixtv.com/mil/1/200701/0119_339_65383.shtml
美情报部门：中国本月以导弹摧毁风云1C气象卫星
2007年01月19日 07:11
美国对中国本月较早时试射一枚反卫星导弹提出批评。
美国国家安全委员会发言人约翰德罗18号在华盛顿表示，中国研制和试射这类武器，不符合美中两国在民用航天领域进行合作的精神；美国和加拿大、澳大利亚等国家已经向中国表达了关注。
美国情报部门估计，中国是在本月11号进行了有关试验，其间一枚距地球约865公里的老化中国气象卫星风云1C，被一枚陆基中程弹道导弹击中并摧毁。据报道，美国关注的重点之一，是有关卫星的碎片会干扰美国民用和军用卫星的运作。
据报道，美国也正在研制自己的反卫星武器， 运用的科技更为先进，包括激光武器。专家指出，美国国防部可能利用这次事件， 加强其向国会申请军费拨款， 进行太空计划的理据。
航空周刊英文原文：
http://www.aviationnow.com/avnow/news/channel_space_story.jsp?id=news/CHI01177.xml
Chinese Test Anti-Satellite Weapon
By Craig Covault/Aviation Week & Space Technology
01/17/2007 07:45:59 PM
U. S. intelligence agencies believe China performed a successful anti-satellite (asat) weapons test at more than 500 mi. altitude Jan. 11 destroying an aging Chinese weather satellite target with a kinetic kill vehicle launched on board a ballistic missile.
The Central Intelligence Agency, the National Security Agency, the Defense Intelligence Agency, NASA and other government organizations have a full court press underway to obtain data on the alleged test, Aviation Week & Space Technology will report in its Jan. 22 issue.
If the test is verified it will signify a major new Chinese military capability.
Neither the Office of the U. S. Secretary of Defense nor Air Force Space Command would comment on the attack, which followed by several months the alleged illumination of a U. S. military spacecraft by a Chinese ground based laser.
China's growing military space capability is one major reason the Bush Administration last year formed the nation's first new National Space Policy in ten years, Aviation Week will report.
"The policy is designed to ensure that our space capabilities are protected in a time of increasing challenges and threats," says Robert G. Joseph, Under Secretary for Arms Control and International Security at the U. S. State Dept. " This is imperative because space capabilities are vital to our national security and to our economic well being," Joseph said in an address on the new space policy at the National Press Club in Washington D. C.
Details emerging from space sources indicate that the Chinese Feng Yun 1C (FY-1C) polar orbit weather satellite launched in 1999 was attacked by an asat system launched from or near the Xichang Space Center.
The attack is believe to have occurred as the weather satellite flew at 530 mi. altitude 4 deg. west of Xichang located in Sichuan province. Xichang is a major Chinese space launch center.
Although intelligence agencies must complete confirmation of the test, the attack is believed to have occurred at about 5:28 p.m. EST Jan. 11. U. S. intelligence agencies had been expecting some sort of test that day, sources said.
U. S. Air Force Defense Support Program missile warning satellites in geosynchronous orbit would have detected the Xichang launch of the asat kill vehicle and U. S. Air Force Space Command monitored the FY-1C orbit both before and after the exercise.
The test, if it occurred as envisioned by intelligence source, could also have left considerable space debris in an orbit used by many different satellites.
USAF radar reports on the Chinese FY-1C spacecraft have been posted once or twice daily for years, but those reports jumped to about 4 times per day just before the alleged test.
The USAF radar reports then ceased Jan. 11, but then appeared for a day showing "signs of orbital distress". The reports were then halted again. The Air Force radars may well be busy cataloging many pieces of debris, sources said.
Although more of a "policy weapon" at this time, the test shows that the Chinese military can threaten the imaging reconnaissance satellites operated by the U. S., Japan, Russia, Israel and Europe.
The Republic of China also operates a small imaging spacecraft that can photograph objects as small as about 10 ft. in size, a capability good enough to count cruise missiles pointed at Taiwan from the Chinese mainland. The Taiwanese in the past have also leased capability on an Israeli reconnaissance satellite.